Irrigation Engineering (2170609)

Unit-1:  Module - 1

Introduction-

Definition, Necessity, Scope, Benefits and ill effects of irrigation, Types of irrigation schemes, Social and environmental considerations, Irrigation development in India.

Water Requirement of Crops-

Soil-water-plant relation- field capacity, wilting point, available water, consumptive use, Irrigation requirements – Net irrigation requirement, Field irrigation requirement, Gross Irrigation requirement, Soil moisture extraction pattern, Frequency of irrigation, Principal Indian crops, Gross command area, Culturable command area, Intensity of irrigation, Duty and delta relation, Introduction to various methods of application of irrigation water, Irrigation efficiency, assessment of irrigation water

Unit-2:  Module - 2

Diversion Works:

Different stages of a river and their flow characteristics, Weir and barrages, Various parts of a weir and their functions, Exit gradient, Principles of weir design on permeable formations -Bligh’s creep theory and Khosla’s theory

Storage and Outlet works:

Types of earthen dams, Seepage in earth dams, Gravity dams, Forces acting on a gravity dam, Rock-fill dams, Spillways, Types of spillways, Spillways gates and energy dissipation works.

Unit-3:  Module - 3

Distribution works:

Modes of conveying irrigation water- Types of irrigation canal-contour canal, ridge canal, side sloping canals, Canal sections-filling, cutting, partial cutting and partial filling, Balanced depth, Canal FSL, Capacity factor and Time factor, L-section, Losses of canal water, Silting and scouring of canals, Method of design of unlined section of irrigation canal, Silt theories, Lined canals, Design of lined canal, Link canals

Unit-4:  Module - 4

Regulating and Cross Drainage Works:

Canal falls, Cross drainage works, Types of cross drainage works, Canal escapes, Head regulator and Cross regulator, Silt ejector, Flow meters - Parshall flume, Irrigation outlets and types of outlets.

Unit-5:  Module - 5

Water logging-causes, Reclamation, Drainage principles and practice

After learning the course the students should be able to:

1. Understand the irrigation methods and duty-delta relation for crops
2. Calculate Net Irrigation Requirement (NIR), Field Irrigation Requirement (FIR) and Gross Irrigation Requirement (GIR)
3. Calculate the pressure at key points of sheet piles and floor thickness for a weir/barrage using Khosla’s theory
4. Plot seepage line of earthen dam with corrections at entry and exit
5. Calculate forces on gravity dam.
6. Understand function of spillway and energy dissipation
7. Design unlined canal using silt theories
8. Design a lined irrigation canal
9. Understand functions of regulating and cross drainage works
10. Understand drainage principles